Programme :
Disability Inclusive Development
by Jeongkee HONG
Expert on Disability
Population Social Integration Section
Emerging Social Issues Division
UNESCAP
Text version of a PowerPoint presentation
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Disability Inclusive Development
Jeongkee HONG
Expert on Disability
Population Social Integration Section
Emerging Social Issues Division
UNESCAP
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Outline
- Inclusive Development and Disability
- Multilateral Agencies
- Bilateral Development Agencies
- USAID
- DfID
- GTZ
- NORAD
- GDDC
- SIDA
- FINNIDA
- JICA
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Inclusive Development and Disability
Promotion of Inclusive Development
- Since MDGs were adopted multilateral and bilateral
development banks and international development agencies began
to include disability into its works
- Relationship between disability and poverty has been
recognised
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The World Bank
“Unless disabled people are brought into the development
mainstream, it will be impossible to cut poverty in half by 2015 or
to give every girl and boy the chance to achieve a primary education
by the same date which are key among the Millennium Development
Goals agreed to by more than 180 world leaders at the UN Millennium
Summit in September 2000.”
Former World Bank President James D. Wolfensohn
Washington Post
December 3, 2002
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The World Bank
Commitment by the bank to Disability
- A crucial element for the Bank’s mission of poverty
eradication and inclusive development
- Accelerating the move toward mainstreaming disability, i.e.,
making it relevant for lending and non-lending activities
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The World Bank
- Board decided to include disability issues (1998)
- Appointed Advisor on Disability and Development (Judy Heuman,
2002)
- Established Disability and Development (D&D) Team (2003)
- Focus on fund-raising, obtaining Trust Fund Resources
initially from Norway
- Donors (Italy, Denmark) financed two co-terminous staff and
bank budget covered the advisor, personal assistance, and an
economist
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The World Bank
Formed regional disability Working Group
- All six regions had established Regional Coordinators and
Cross-sectional Working Groups on Disability by 2004
- Regional Disability Coordinators has funded by the Regional
budgets.
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The World Bank
Global Partnership for Development and Disability (GPDD)
- Established in 2003
- Global Partnership with Organisation of PWDs, NGOs, donor
countries, individuals, the private sector, and other
multilateral organisations including UN agencies
- GPDD’s Coordinating TF meet monthly via teleconference and
twice a year in person
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The World Bank
GPDD TFDD
- Supported by a multi-donor trust fund for Disability and
Development (TFDD)
- Three donors provides about USD400,000 a year (Finland,
Italy and Norway)
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The World Bank
Disability research
- Partnership with Washington Group on Disability Measurement
(WG): development census and survey questions
- Primary Data Collection (Afghanistan, Ecuador)
- Poverty rate of vulnerable groups, including PWDs
- How disability affects family dynamics (Indonesia)
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The World Bank
Inclusion of disability into PRSP
- PRSP as the basis of concessional assistance from WB and IMF
- ILO and WB DD Team issued papers on PRSP and disability
- ILO: disability is NOT addressed specifically
- WB D&D Team reviewed 33 PRSPs & 11 progress reports
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Asian Development Bank (ADB)
- ADB workshops on disability and development (1999 & 2002)
- “Disability Brief: Identifying and Addressing the Needs
of Disabled People” was published (2005)
- No disability team has been formed
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Inter-American Development Bank (IDB)
- Disability Working Team (3 full time staff)
- Mandatory Operational Guidelines on Accessibility in
2005
- Supports the Decade for Americas for the Rights and Dignity
of PWDs (2006-2016)
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European Commission
Guidance note on Disability and Development for EU Delegations
and Services (March 2003)
“The EU is committed to poverty reduction as expressed in the
MDGs. This goal cannot be met without considering the needs of
disabled people; yet disabled people are still not sufficiently
included in international development work funded by the EU. …
If the interests of disabled people are not recognised then the
key goal of poverty reduction in developing countries will not
be achieved. Nor will the human rights of PWDs or their
participation in society be promoted. If sustainable poverty
reduction is to be achieved, disability needs to be addressed by
sensitising people active in development work funded by the EU
to these issues.”
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United States Agency for International Development (USAID)
- Most advanced support for Disability Inclusion
- Twin Track Approach to Disability
- Efforts to accelerate the inclusion of PWDs in
developing programming through USAID’s disability policy
- Recognises the need to develop programmes specifically
designed for PWDs
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United States Agency for International Development (USAID)
- Issued Policy Guideline “USAID Disability policy paper”
(12 Sept. 1997)
- “articulates USAID commitment to pursue advocacy for,
outreach to, and inclusion of people with physical and
mental disabilities, to the maximum extent feasible, in the
design and implementation of USAID programming, and provides
guidance for making that commitment operational.”
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United States Agency for International Development (USAID)
- Standards for Accessibility in USAID-Financed Construction
(16 Jun. 2005)
- Promotes principles of universal design
- Use host-country or regional standards – ADA (1990) and
ABA (2004) accessible guideline
- Supporting USAID’s Disability Policy in Contracts,
Grants, and Cooperative Agreements (17 Dec. 2004)
- “Requiring that contractor/recipient not discriminate
against PWDs in the implementation of USAID programmes and
make every effort to comply with the objectives of USAID
Disability Policy…action must demonstrate a comprehensive
and consistence approach for including men, women, and
children with disabilities
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United States Agency for International Development (USAID)
- Agency commitment
- USAID Agency Disability Team
- Disability Coordinator relocated to a technical bureau
- Federal Advisory Committee on PWDs
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Department for Internation Development (DfID), UK
- Working towards mainstreaming disability throughout all
areas of its works, on human rights and in particular social
exclusion
- Published the issue paper “Disability, Poverty and
Development,” (Feb. 2000)
- Addressing inequalities between disabled and
non-disabled people in all strategic areas of our work
- Supporting specific initiatives to enhance the
empowerment of disabled people
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Department for Internation Development (DfID), UK
- Disability Knowledge and Research Programmes (KaR)
- A Budget of approximately £1.4 million
- Key components of the programmes
- Research into the links between poverty and
disability
- Support to policy development through placement of a
technical advisor on disability within DfID headquarters
- Support for training on disability issues for DfID
personnel
- Regional roundtable discussion in Asia and Africa
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Department for Internation Development (DfID), UK
- Partnership with Action on Disability and Development
(ADD)
- 5 year programme Partnership Agreement (PPA) with ADD
(2002)
- £1,725,000 over 3 years (with the last years being
decided at the end of the 3rd year: 2004)
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Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA)
- Social Development Priorities: A Framework for Action
- A five-year plan for confronting the most pressing needs
of the poor living in developing countries as well as a
clear commitment to protecting the safety and security of
children worldwide
- Four Development Objectives
- Health and Nutrition
- Basic Education
- HIV/AIDS
- Child Protection
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Deutsche Gesellschaft fűr Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ)
- Disability and Development: A contribution to promoting the
interests of PWDs in German Development Cooperation (Nov. 2006)
- The future aim is to actively support partners in
involving PWDs to a greater extent in PRSP processes and
giving still greater consideration to their interests and
rights
- So far, supported 180 projects and programmes supporting
PWDs
- Approximately EUR 70 million for 30 projects and
programmes
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Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (NORAD)
- The Inclusion of Disability in Norwegian Development
Cooperation: Planning and Monitoring for the Inclusion of
Disability Issues in Mainstream Development Activities
- Enact a comprehensive approach to inclusion of PWDs
- Recognising that disability is a crosscutting issue that
should be address in all development projects
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General Directorate for Development Cooperation (GDDC) : MOFA
- Italian Cooperation Guideline Concerning the Disabled
- Recognises “the right to develop PWDs individual
capacities to pursue through dull integration in their own
socio-cultural context, therefore the thematic initiatives
of the GDDC dedicated to disabled people must include
specific actions to battle against social inclusion and
economic marginalisation.”
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Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA)
SIDA’s Development Co-operation for Children and Adults with
Disabilities (Dec. 2005)
• “The living conditions and needs of PWDs shall be taken into
consideration and promoted in all Swedish development cooperation
with other countries. SIDA shall work towards PWDs enjoying human
rights to the same extent as those without disabilities. In
planning, implementing and evaluating development co-operation, SIDA
shall strengthen collaboration with PWDs, their organisations and
other relevant actors.”
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Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA)
- SIDA’s Strategic Areas
- PRSP
- Schools, education and research
- Health and rehabilitation/habilitation
- HIV/AIDS
- Armed conflicts and humanitarians
- Infrastructure
- Information and shaping opinion
- Support to civil society and other networks
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Finnish Department for International Development Cooperation (FINNIDA)
- Long tradition of supporting projects for PWDs, especially
for persons with visual and auditory impairments
- From 1993 to 2003, average of around 5 % of its total
development cooperation funding available for work relating to
PWDs
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Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
- Dispatching overseas volunteers, organising PWDs leadership
training courses
- Proving technical assistance in education, vocational
training, accessible environment, development of sign language &
others.
- Developed a policy on disability & development (2003)
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Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
- Establishment of “the Asia-Pacific Development Center on
Disability (APCD),” to follow up with the Asian & Pacific Decade
of Disabled Persons, 1993-2002, through the collaboration of the
Japanese and Thai Government
- Targeted toward the empowerment of PWDs, and the
promotion of efforts to create barrier-free society
environments
- To help PWDs to live independently in local communities
while maintaining their dignity, and to remove various
social barrier
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Thank you very much
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