Programme : Presentation on Day
1 Capacity
building and technical cooperation: Disability impact assessment and
disability budgeting
Presented by Kay Nagata
Disability Focal Point
UN ESCAP
Slide 1
Regional Workshop on Monitoring the Implementation of the Biwako
Millennium Framework for Action towards an Inclusive, Barrier-free and
Rights-based Society for Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific (BMF)
Bangkok, Thailand, 13-15 October 2004
Capacity building and technical
cooperation: Disability impact assessment and disability budgeting
By Kay Nagata, UNESCAP
2
Poverty and disability (dynamism)
Graphic of a cycle:
- Underdevelopment / Insufficient infrastructure
- Low level of economic development / Poverty
- Mal-nutrition / Insecurity / Terrorism / Civil Conflict
- Disability / Insufficient Services
- Impairment / Low Production / Lack of Human Resource Development
3
Two main paradigms
- Development model: Twin track approach (disability integration into
mainstream projects, CBR, poverty alleviation, MDG goals, etc.)
- Human rights- based approach: The Convention for PWD, national laws,
self-help groups, shift from medical model to social model, etc.;
4
Disability and Development: Towards a Global Strategy
- Disability and development policies: Bilateral agencies: USAID, NORD,
JICA, British DFID;
- Multilateral agencies: World Bank, ADB, etc.
- INGOS: Save the Children
- Mainstreaming disability in development projects;
- DFID paper on “Disability, poverty and development”; Sida paper; NORD
paper on disability and development, Jica effort, etc.
5
Twin Track Approach of disability and development
- Disability mainstreaming: disability as cross-cutting issues; enhanced
by social model of disability;
- Disability blindness just like gender blindness;
- “Twin Track Approach” (just like gender) of disability mainstreaming
and empowerment of PWD;
- Empowerment through CBR, capacity building, rehabilitation, training,
etc.
6
Strategies for disability integration and assessment of disability
impact
- Active participation of PWD at all levels (planning, designing,
implementation, monitoring, evaluation) of development projects;
- Cross-sectoral approach;
- Working together with DPOs and NGOs;
- Disability sensitivity training of ODA workers and project staff;
- Development of an effective “disability impact assessment tool” and
evaluation mechanism;
- Disability budgeting.
7
Disability Integration (some examples)
- For infrastructure projects: Use of barrier-free and “universal
design”;
- Mainstreaming of PWD in training programmes (how many disabled people,
if not why not?);
- Recruitment of disabled staff in development agencies;
- In-house staff training on disability sesitivity;
- Barrier-free training curriculum (e.g. Braille, computer Braille,
accessible on-line information, accessible digital information, etc.);
- Promotion of inclusive education or disabled children (how many
disabled children will benefit from the project?).
8
Empowerment of PWD (some examples)
- Support to self-help groups, DPOs, etc.;
- Rehabilitation (all kinds of rehabilitation projects, medical,
vocational, social, etc.);
- Lobbying skills and advocacy;
- CBR and other community-based projects for PWD and independent
living projects.
9
Participatory research methods (action-oriented research)
- Subjects (beneficiaries) = empowered in the process of the research
production and finding;
- Rapid Rural Appraisal (RRA) developed by Robert Chambers (Sussex
Univ.): Mapping, scoring priorities, livelihood, scaling, semi-structured
group interview, etc);
- Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) being used by NGOs, RRA tools plus
workshop, and sharing of information;
- Project Cycle Management (PCM) = LOGFRAME, developed by GTZ, with
emphasis on beneficiaries, stakeholders, monitoring, and result based
approach
10
Result-based vs output based indicators (supplementary and complementary
to both sets of indicators)
- Output based: “how many PT, OT, CBR workers were trained” during x to
y (period)”; How many meetings, training courses were held?;
- Result (outcome) based indicators:
Ultimate goal is happiness indicator, of course. But maybe “income level”
of PWD, etc, and the highest attainment of education of PWD, etc. ---
rather result oriented.
11
Some assessment tools by technical cooperation (ODA) agencies
- Is the project related to PWD? “ --- YES” for projects related to
public transportation, buildings, small scale business, rural development
and social welfare and social services, etc;
- To what extent is the project related to disabled persons (particular
impact such as medical services, as much as other people, indirectly, etc.
by different degrees)?
- Are PWD participating in the planning, implementation, monitoring and
evaluation process?
- Is the project in accordance with the international norms and
standards (WPA, the Standard Rules, the Convention, etc.)?
12
Some assessment tools (continues)
- Is the project has any specific measures to guarantee the benefit of
PWD as beneficiaries and stakeholders?
- Accessibility, equality, safety, affordability, reachability,
usability, workability, and orientation;
- No minus impact of the project on PWD?
- Any scope of sustainability of the project?
- In the project document, was “disability impact” assessed?
- Is the disability impact assessment included in the final evaluation
process, and if so, who is participating in the process.
13
ODA policy check list
- Is there any official disability integration policy of a development
agency?
- Is the policy adopting the internationally recognized norms (e.g. ICF,
the standard rules, WPA, BMF, etc.)?;
- What is the overall coverage (%) of disability integration of all
projects?
- What is the monitoring mechanism of checking disability integration.
14
Disability budgeting
- Disability budgeting vs gender budgeting:
- Head-counting of beneficiaries;
- What is the total budget allocated for the benefit of PWD in the
project (e.g. ILO project in Cambodia, 5% of trainees was disabled
trainees);
- Is the any additional specific allocation for promotion of disability
integration (e.g. with additional budget for PWD, the ratio of disabled
trainees was increased to 15 % in the Cambodia project).
15
Thank you
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