Programme :
Mongolia Country Report
Presented by Ms. M. Baljmaa,
Officer, Population and Social Security Department,
Ministry of Social Welfare and Labour
Text version of a PowerPoint presentation:
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Slide 1
Country report on Implementation
Activities of “Asian and Pacific Decade of Disabled Persons, 2003-2012”
programme and Biwako Millennium Framework in Mongolia
By Ms. M. Baljmaa,
Officer,
Population and Social Security Department,
Ministry of Social Welfare and Labour
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IMPLEMENTATION AREA OF BMF
In accordance with the principles of the Biwako Millennium Framework, the
Government of Mongolia implements activities in the following areas:
- Self-help organization of persons with disabilities person and related
family and parental associations
- Women with disabilities
- Early detection and early intervention activities and education
- Training and employment and including self-employment
- Access to built environment and public transport
- Access to information and communications, including information,
communication and assistive technologies
- Poverty alleviation through capacity building, social security and
sustainable livelihood programmes
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SELF-HELP ORGANISATION OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES PERSON AND RELATED
FAMILY AND PARENTAL ASSOCIATIONS IN MONGOLIA
- In Mongolia, it is fully allowed that persons with disabilities to
join and form associations according to the Mongolian Constitution and
other related laws such as Law on Social Security of People with
Disablities.
- Under the Central administration body of the NGO’s which was
established in 1997, currently more than 60 NGO’s represent interests of
people with disabilities in Mongolia.
- The Government of Mongolia promotes the activities of the NGO’s of the
people with disabilities by:
- funding relevant cost of those activities and cooperates with NGO’s
namely, National Association of Mongolian Disabled Citizen’s
Organisations and the Mongolian Association of the Blind on contractual
basis
- establishing a special factory of the people with disability
operates under name of “Labour and Training Factory of the Blind” (there
are 100 employees and 80 per cent of them are blind people)
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SELF-HELP ORGANISATION OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES PERSON AND RELATED
FAMILY AND PARENTAL ASSOCIATIONS IN MONGOLIA
- In order to protect and develop children with disabilities as active
citizens of the society through improving participation of parents, the
family and parental associations have been established and their
activities are widening in the local level in Mongolia.
- The high level conference of these associations held in 2003 and
planned the further activities of the association.
- The association cooperates with British “Save the Children Fund”,
European TACIS programme and implements projects on capacity development,
training and the parent’s awareness.
- Project of 40 thousands of USD, on “Employment promotion of the people
with disabilities” implements to promoting capacity building of the NGO’s
of the people with disabilities and widening activities for the members.
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WOMEN WITH DISABILITIES:
- 50.5 percent of Mongolian population is women.
- 88.5 percent of women aged 10 years old and above is educated, 7.7
percent of which with higher education, 9.4 percent with technical and
college education, 48.3 percent with vocational and complete secondary
education and 23.1 percent of which with primary education
(Pie Chart showing education of women over age 10, in percent. Vocational
and complete secondary = 48%, Primary education = 23%, Technical and college
education = 12%, Higher education = 8%, No education = 9%)
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WOMEN WITH DISABILITIES:
- 50 NGOs, operating to protect rights of women, including the
Association of women with disability aimed at protecting rights of women
with disability. This Association has started its activities since 1995
and provided community based rehabilitation services for the women with
disability and conducts IEC activities on life and culture of the women
with disability. Besides, it organizes field training and workshops for
rural women with disability.
- The Japanese Embassy in Mongolia has been supporting activities of the
Association of women with disability and financed a project of 17.2
thousands of USD from the Grass root programme.
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EARLY DETECTION AND EARLY INTERVENTION ACTIVITIES AND EDUCATION
- The literacy rate of Mongolian population aged 15 and above is 97.8
percent and 47.8 percent of total population aged 7-29 is studying to
attain education.
- Now National center of rehabilitation and vocational training for the
disabled and 6 special secondary schools for people with disability and
mentally handicapped children are operating.
- In academic year 2004-2005 the special school for blind children has
opened.
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TRAINING AND EMPLOYMENT AND INCLUDING SELF-EMPLOYMENT
- According to the Labour Code of Mongolia economic entity that has more
than 50 employees is obliged to hire disabled employees by 3 percent of
its total employees. Enforcement of this law provision was inspected among
647 entities with more than 50 employees by Central employment office in
collaboration with the employment offices of provinces, the capital city
and districts.
- In the process of the inspection, some entities and organizations were
revealed that they have not employed the appropriate number of disabled or
dwarf people and were fined by 1.3 million tugrugs. The amount goes to the
“Development fund of disabled and dwarf people” and as of first half of
2004, 4.7 million tugrugs were accumulated in the fund.
- ADB, with grant assistance of 1 million US dollars of the Japanese
Poverty Reduction Fund, started to implement a 3 years project aimed at
promoting employment of the people with disability. It is estimated that
4000 disabled citizens with ability to work will benefit from the project
in direct or indirect way
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ACCESS TO BUILT ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC TRANSPORT
- In accordance with the Mongolian laws people with disabilities are
entitled to free access to public transport.
- In the frame of activities of the decade, measures were undertaken to
enable the people with wheelchair to enter to some organizations without
someone’s support by establishing special paths, entrances or stages for
the people with disabilities with wheelchair and special path for the
blind.
- In order to improve accessibility of the persons with disabilities to
the built environments, “Accessibility Standards for the persons with
disabilities” has been developed.
- The Ministry of Infractructure has been working on reflecting the
accessability needs of the persons with disabilities in the infractucture
development plan and give chance to them to participate in public housing
scheme to get new apartments.
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ACCESS TO INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS, INCLUDING INFORMATION,
COMMUNICATION AND ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGIES
- The association of Blinds owns FM radio station line to provide
information to the blind people for promoting their active participation
in social life and increasing public awareness regarding the person with
disabilities.
- A library for blind was opened with financial assistance of the
project on “Employment Promotion of people with disabilities”. The library
is equipped with special computers, printers, Braille books and other
special tools for blinds.
- The project on “Employment Promotion of people with disabilities” also
supports National Rehabilitation and Vocational Training center for the
People with disabilities by providing computers and equipments for
renovation of the computer teaching cabinet.
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POVERTY ALLEVIATION THROUGH CAPACITY BUILDING, SOCIAL SECURITY AND
SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOOD PROGRAMMES
- State policy on social security of the people with disability
regulated by the Package law on social insurance, Law on health insurance
of citizen, Law on social welfare, Law on social security of the people
with disability, the “National programme on advancement of livelihood of
the people with disability” approved by the Government in 1998 and
relevant rules and regulations.
- Ministry is aiming at increasing pensions and benefits of the people
with disability and supporting their other income generating activities.
Average pension was increased by 85 percent during last 4 years.
- The policy trends of the government on poverty reduction of the people
with disability are to promote active involvement of the people with
disability in social life, support their employment through provision with
work places and encourage them to independent living in society and
community.
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REVIEW OF SHORTCOMINGS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE BMF IN MONGOLIA
A National Committee for Coordinating Activities that planned in the
frame of the Asian and Pacific Decades of the People with Disabilities is
facing some challenges, namely:
- Due to the lack of financial resources from the state budget, the
planned activities of the National Committee are postponed or cancelled
- There is no permanent full time staff in the National Committee thus
the activities become not active
- There is no supportive social and psychological environment to
understanding people with disabilities
- Lack of appropriate information and statistics on disability, there is
difficulty in planning process.
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REVIEW OF SHORTCOMINGS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE BMF IN MONGOLIA
Due to severity of socio-economic condition of the country, issues that
have difficulties in implementation process:
- Although NGO’s are undertaking various explicit measures on protecting
interests of the disabilities but there are financial and human resource
restrictions to solve problems of the persons with disabilities.
- Pensions and state assistances for the people with disabilities are
not sufficient for their living
- Due to low employment availabilities, persons with disabilities are
generally vulnerable for poverty.
- There is a lack of accessibility in education, vocational training in
the rural area.
- There is no appropriate infrastructure for the persons with
disabilities.
- There is no appropriate incentive mechanism for employers and business
entities that assist them to help and support persons with disabilities.
- Due to poor infrastructure to access public services and information
sharing mechanism for the persons with disabilities, the participation of
the persons with disabilities in socio-economic life is relatively low in
rural area.
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FURTHER PLANS ON THE BMF IMPLEMENTATION OF MONGOLIA FOR THE REST OF THE
DECADE
A/. Indicators for monitoring the implementation progress:
- The activities of the National Committee should be a regular.
- Implementation of the planned activities
- Evaluation and assessment should be given for the National Committee
- The level of infrastructure that establishing special passages, sighs
and stages to facilitate traveling of the people with disabilities to
public services.
- Measures that have been taken for promoting income generation
activities and improving social welfare services for people with
disabilities.
- The employment situation of the persons with disabilities
- The accessibilities of education and vocational training for the
persons with disabilities.
- The poverty reduction measures among persons with disabilities
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FURTHER PLANS ON THE BMF IMPLEMENTATION OF MONGOLIA FOR THE REST OF THE
DECADE
B/. Institutional mechanisms for monitoring the implementation issues:
- To organize activities that support people with disabilities and
create supportive social and psychological environment for them.
- To organize activities to strengthen the capacity of NGOs’ which
represent interests of people with disabilities.
- To establish an reliable information system on disabilities in
nationwide.
C/. Capacity building and technical cooperation issues:
- To support the National Committee by allocating state budget annually
for the planned activities.
- To find other financial resources for the activities of the National
Committee.
- To establish special fund for the people with disabilities and NGOs’
that protect their interests.
- To employ a permanent full time staff who is responsible for day to
day activities of the National Committee.
- To implement programmes and project for improving livelihood of the
people with disabilities.
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FURTHER PLANS ON THE BMF IMPLEMENTATION OF MONGOLIA FOR THE REST OF THE
DECADE
D/. A rights-based comprehensive national policy issue:
- The Laws and relevant regulations on social security, social welfare
and employment of the people with disabilities should be revised and
improved.
- To promote active participation of the people with disabilities in
social life through supporting their organisations such as NGO’s.
- To cooperate with government and NGO’s with similar activities of
foreign countries and implement programmes and project for improving
livelihood of the people with disabilities.
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Thank you for your attention
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