Materials : Country/Review Paper
COUNTRY PAPER : INDONESIA
Regional Workshop
Monitoring the Implementation of the Biwako Millennium Framework for
Action towards an Inclusive, Barrier-free and Right-based Society for
Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific
13-15 October 2004, Bangkok, Thailand
Prepared by
Ariani Soekanwo
The Chairwoman of Indonesian Assosiation of Women with Disabilities
During a two-year duration the implementation of Asia Pacific Decade of
Person with disabilities 2003 – 2012 (renewed decade), Indonesia has been
implementing the Biwako Millenium Framework for Action (BMF) as the
following:
- Translation the BMF
into Bahasa Indonesia and Published the BMF translation.
- Socializing the BMF
translation
The ultimate objective of socializing the BMF translation is to increase
awareness concerning people with disabilities. Specially to those
institutions closely related to people with disabilities.
In commemoration of The International Day of Disabled People on December
3, 2003 the committee held a seminar with major concern of BMF.
The seminar was attended by total of 200 participants. Those participants
were representatives from social organization for disabled people,
disabled-people organizations, women organization, related departments, and
parents of disabled children. As the follow up of the seminar, A National
Team of Coordinating Body has been conducting meetings to construct A
National Action Plan. The National Team of Coordinating Body consists of
representatives from disabled-people organization from national levels,
related NGOs, and representatives from related departments with The
Department of Social Affair acting as the leading sector. The National
Action Plan construction is scheduled to be accomplished by year 2004.
- In promoting rights and
to fight for the equal opportunity for persons with disabilities, there have
been concrete action as the establishment of various organization, such as:
Committee for Citizen with Disabilities Election Access, Himpunan Pelaku
Seni Diferensia Indonesia (Indonesian Association of Differentiated
Artists), and Lembaga Penempatan Tenaga Kerja Penyandang Cacat (Jobs
Placement Agency for the Disabled). Moreover, a new organization for
the parents which is scheduled to be established in the near future is now
in the process of leading its way.
- Women with Disabilities
movement had been established since 1997 with the title of Indonesian
Association of Women with Disabilities [IAWD/HWPCI (in Bahasa Indonesia)].
Now IAWD/HWPCI had set up 10 branches all over Indonesia. IAWD/HWPCI has
already been a member of National Women Congress (Kowani) we also
participated in many discussions held by the Indonesian National Commission
of Women’s Human Right. In the construction of the National Action Plan,
IAWD/HWPCI as the vocal point along with the Ministry of Women affairs and
the Department of Social Affair have been working hand-in-hand to empower
women in rural areas. In the near future, IAWD/HWPCI will be establishing 22
branches and will encourage each branch to join the National Women Congress
in each province.
In the mean time, IAWD/HWPCI collaborating with other women organizations
are advocating the draft of domestic violence law to the legislative body.
5) STATISTICAL DATA
There are several versions of statistical data, which are used to
describe disabled people in Indonesia. According to statistical data
provided from the Department of Social Affair, there are total of 3.11%
disabled people all over Indonesia. Alongside, the Legislative Body stated
the amount of disabled people in Indonesia as 5% of the total Indonesian
citizen in 1997. Additionally, based on the data registration for national
election joint work between Statistical Office and Electoral Authority in
2003, the result shows that there are 0,5% disabled people in Indonesia.
This unreliable amount produced has raised dissatisfaction because of the
invalidity in data registration process. This invalidity was rooted in that
there were a number of disabled people those were not recorded in the data
registration and also there were a number of disabled people-though they
were recorded in the data registration-they are not recorded as disabled
people, but they were recorded in the category of non-disabled people
category instead.
The unavailability of one valid data about the total amount of disabled
people in Indonesia, certainly invokes barrier for various organizations in
designing their programs. This condition has raised a concern to produce a
valid statistical data about the total amount of disabled people in
Indonesia. If there is one valid statistical data about it, then the data
will reveal the real condition of disabled people in Indonesia, which
actually is deserved to be regarded as one of the national issues because of
its high amount. Based on this condition, the National Development Planning
Agency, the National Statistical Office, the Department of Social affairs,
the Department of Health, and IDPA (Indonesian Disabled People Association)
held several meetings with major agenda of scrutinizing for any conducive
condition in order to prepare for a more standardized gathering data in the
future.
INDICATOR FOR MONITORING THE IMPLEMENTATION PROGRESS
- The increasing involvement of a number of institutions and/or society
relating to the execution of the BMF.
- The increasing concern derived from related institution (institution
and society) toward disabilities issues the BMF implementation for
example: At first, accessibility is only at the concern of persons with
disabilities but recently accessibility is also the concern of
architecture. Now the election access also becomes a concern for the
electoral authority, because they are preventing society complaint about
the election on the issue of discriminative and undemocratic.
- The increasing awareness in society concerning people with
disabilities.
MONITORING MECHANISM OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE BMF
- Forming a team of 7 people in the
structure of: 2 government officials, 2 representatives from society (NGO &
NGO for the disabled), and 3 representatives from disabled-people
organizations.
In national level, the monitoring team is legalized by The Coordinator
Minister of Social welfare Decree While in province level the team is
legalized by the governor.
Function of the team:
- To hold meeting with Ministers who are related to the BMF issue. Such
as: The Minister of Labor, The Minister of Education, The Minister of
Health, etc. This meeting is expected to result in the involvement of the
related Ministry with the intention of accomplishing Biwako’s targets.
Including to facilitate and to allocate budget for each related program.
For example of the expected outcome from the activity is, bringing up the
sector of The Ministry of Labor, it is expected that The Ministry of Labor
facilitates and allocates budget for government regulation of quota
system, for some internship program for the disabled people, etc.
The meetings need to be carried out for the reason that usually most
people who attend the meeting of the coordinating body do not have the
authority to allocate budget within the department related. This effort is
aimed to ensure the national coordinating body that the program is to be
implemented as it planned in order to achieve the planned objective.
- To warn any NGO of the National Coordinating Body members,
disabled-people organizations those are not executing their job
description.
- To produce questionnaire for 6-monthly national-level organizations,
6-monthly province-level monitoring team, and institutions those are
regarding as the implementation of BMF.
Capacity Building and Technical
Cooperation
In implementation of BMF, the task force of BMF as a part of national
coordinating body for people with disabilities has been formed. This team
consists of representatives from government officials, representatives from
professional organization (National Chamber of Commers), etc, and
representatives from disabled-people organizations.
This team is divided into 7+1 (Regional network) divisions based on
Biwako issues. The National Coordinating Body will hold meetings to
determine activity plan leading to achieve Biwako targets. This team also
responsible in delegating tasks and responsibility in the outcome of
conducting relevant activities along with the budget plan for each activity.
This activities are then to be followed by constructing them into a national
action Plan for BMF.
A Right-based Comprehensive
National Policy
- Based on Law no.4 year 1997 about people with disabilities.
- Various laws and regulations (44 items) concerning with disabilities
which have been compiled into a book of collection of national and
international rules of people with disabilities.
- The decree of Minister of Social affairs about “The national
coordinating body for the welfare of disabled persons ”.
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