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Regional Workshop on Monitoring the Implementation of the
Biwako Millennium Framework for Action towards an Inclusive, Barrier-free
and Rights-based Society for Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the
Pacific (BMF) |
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UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMISSION FOR ASIA AND THE PACIFIC Final ReportRegional Workshop on Monitoring the Implementation of the Biwako Millennium Framework for Action towards an Inclusive, Barrier-free and Rights-based Society for Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific (BMF) Bangkok, Thailand CONTENTSII PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP
III. ORGANIZATION OF THE WORKSHOP
ANNEXES
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I. WORKSHOP OUTCOMEParticipants in the UNESCAP Regional Workshop on Monitoring the Implementation of the Biwako Millennium Framework for Action towards an Inclusive, Barrier-free and Rights-based Society for Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific (BMF) (Bangkok, 13-15 October 2004) developed a set of "Proposed Core Indicators for Monitoring the Biwako Millennium Framework for Action towards an Inclusive, Barrier-free and Rights-based Society for Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific (BMF) "– herein after the "Proposed Core Indicators," and adopted the "Joint Statement on Full Realization of Goals of the Biwako Millennium Framework for Action towards an Inclusive, Barrier-free and Rights-based Society for Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific (BMF)"-herein after the "Joint Statement." The "Proposed Core Indicators" were elaborated on discussions regarding a working document 1 for the Workshop, "Proposed Indicators of Progress in Implementing the Biwako Millennium Framework for Action towards an Inclusive, Barrier-free and Rights-based Society for Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific (BMF)." The "Joint Statement" is a summary statementbased on discussions and findings of three Working Groups for the Workshop. The contents of the "Proposed Core Indicators" are attached in the Annex I, and the contents of the "Joint Statement" are as follows:
II. PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOPThe Workshop had three working documents for its consideration:
A. Summary of presentations and discussionsDay 1 Opening Session Under item I of the provisional agenda, Mr. Kim Hak-Su, Executive Secretary of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP) inaugurated the Regional Workshop on Monitoring the Implementation of the Biwako Millennium Framework for Action towards an Inclusive, Barrier-free and Rights-based Society for Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific (BMF) and delivered an opening speech (A summary of his remarks is presented in the summary of proceedings). Election of Officers Under item II of the provisional agenda, Workshop participants elected the following officers by acclamation: Chairperson: Ms Guha Aloka, Chairperson, National Trust, Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment, India; Vice Chairperson: HE Mr Ali Ahsan Mohammad Mojaheed, Minister, Ministry of Social Welfare, Bangladesh; Mr Wei Mengxin, Deputy Director General for International Affairs, China Disabled Persons’ Federation (CDPF), China; Rapporteur: Mr Sadrugu Q Ramagimagi, Councillor, Fiji National Council for Disabled Persons, Fiji; Mr Puay Tiak Lim, Assistant Director, VCF Secretariat, National Council of Social Service, Singapore. Adoption of Workshop Agenda Under agenda item III, the Chairperson invited the views of participants on the provisional agenda, which they adopted as the programme of work. Video message by Senator Eita Yashiro, Japan Under agenda item IV, Senator Eita Yashiro (Japan) delivered a congratulatory message through a five-minute video, "Towards a Creation of the Rights-based Society for All: Nothing about Us without Us." He stated that collaboration among Governments, NGOs and international organizations would be essential to realize the goal of the second Asian and Pacific Decade of Disabled Persons (2003-2012), "towards an Inclusive, Barrier-free and Rights-based Society for Persons with Disabilities." He stated that synergy created between the Government of Japan and Japanese DPOs, concerning a Comprehensive and Integral International Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Rights and Dignity of Persons with Disabilities, has proved to be an excellent example of the collaboration. He concluded his message by referring to an internationally accepted motto, "Nothing about Us without Us," which reaffirms full participation and equalization of opportunities for, by and with persons with disabilities.[1] Objectives of the Workshop Under agenda item IV, a representative of UNESCAP Secretariat provided an introduction to the purposes and expected outcomes the Workshop. She stated that the Workshop participants were expected to develop two documents: 1) a set of core indicators for effective policy formulation and monitoring of BMF implementation, and 2) a policy oriented joint statement, which shows commitment to the BMF implementation. She reviewed key developments expected during the second Decade, which included the mid-point review of the BMF in 2007. She clarified a difference between statistical and policy indicators. Overview of the Biwako Millennium Framework for Action towards an Inclusive, Barrier-free and Rights-based Society for Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific (BMF) Under agenda item V, a representative of UNESCAP Secretariat provided an overview of the BMF, particularly in light of indicator identification. She reviewed the BMF targets and strategies, and stated that the majority of them were expected to be realized before 2005. She stated that UNESCAP BMF questionnaire had been circulated earlier in 2004 to Governments and NGOs, with an aim to assess baseline data on the BMF targets and strategies. She explained that questions were formulated with a view to be used as a set of usable policy indicators. Overview of International Norms on Disability and Recent Developments towards a Comprehensive and Integral International Convention on Promotion and Protection of the Rights and Dignity of Persons with Disabilities Under agenda item VI, Mr Clinton E. Rapley, a resource person of the Workshop, (Director of Planning Services, Associates for International Management Services), reviewed recent developments on two disability-specific international instruments, the World Programme of Action concerning Disabled Persons, and the Standard Rules on Equalization of Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities. He recalled that the General Assembly in 2003 had reaffirmed the goals, objectives and priorities of the World Programme. He noted that, at the forty-second session of the Commission for Social Development in 2004, the proposed "Supplement" to the Standard Rules had been considered. At this session, the Social Rapporteur, Sheika Hissa bint khalifa bin Hamad Al-Thani, had introduced certain priorities in the "Supplement" (e.g. children with disabilities, gender, poverty and developmental and psychiatric disabilities). Action on the "Supplement" will be considered by the fifty-ninth session of the General Assembly in 2004. Mr Rapley reviewed the outcomes of the Third and Fourth sessions of the Ad Hoc Committee on a Comprehensive and Integral International Convention on Promotion and Protection of the Rights and Dignity of Persons with Disabilities. He noted that the Ad hoc Committee had completed a full reading of the draft text of the convention and was considering the proposed text (article 24 bis.) on international cooperation He added that the work of the Ad Hoc Committee have been reviewed by both the Commission for Social Development and the Commission on Human Rights. A Decision on further work of the Ad Hoc Committee, including the number of sessions in 2005, will be taken at the fifty-ninth session of the General Assembly. Overview of Indicators for Monitoring the BMF Under agenda item VII, Mr Clinton E. Rapley introduced the working document 1, "Proposed Indicators of Progress in Implementing the Biwako Millennium Framework for Action towards an Inclusive, Barrier-free and Rights-based Society for Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific (BMF)." Presentation addressed three major topics: 1) roles of disability data and statistics in identifying indicators to monitor the BMF implementation; 2) issues in identifying the indicators; and 3) outline of the indicators. Under topic 1), he reviewed the policy base for disability data and statistical development, and reviewed some criticism on International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities, and Handicaps (ICIDH) and International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). He noted that definitions on disability are presented in the proposed international convention, which reflect the "social model." Under topic 2), Mr Rapley stated that indicators to monitor the BMF implementation should be simple, easy to compile and calculate, and robust in their measurement of intended changes over time. In his view, indicators development of the BMF could usefully follow the logical framework identified for five-year reviews of the World Programme of Action: i) resource framework; ii) policy framework; and iii) institutional framework. He added that the BMF indicators should address the preconditions for BMF implementation-yes/no measures- and progress in BMF implementation-both qualitative and quantitative measures. Under topic 3), Mr Rapley outlined indicators for each BMF priority area. He stated that identifying usable indicators is a challenging task because of limited availability of internationally comparable data and lack of consensus on disability definition. However, the development of a proposed international convention would contribute to addressing this disability data issue, and disability inclusive capacity building for self-evaluation of policies, plans and programmes will greatly improve the identification process. Mr Chol Han, from the Statistics Division of UNESCAP, provided an overview of developments and challenges regarding disability statistics and data collection. He stated that "disability" was not easy to capture as data because it was a multidimensional concept. However, since the UN recommendations for the 2000 Census, efforts have been made to mainstream disability into data collection; it now tends to appear more in census. At the regional level, disability prevalence rate ranges from 0.5 per cent to nearly 20 per cent, due to differences in definition on disability and data-collection methodology. Mr Han outlined examples of disability statistical indicators. He explained outputs of past regional workshops, organized by the Division of Statistics and concluded his presentation by providing information on future plans for a regional manual on disability data collection and an expert group meeting on disability indicators. Review of achievements and obstacles encountered in implementation of the BMF at the inception of the Asian and Pacific Decade of Disabled Persons (2003-2012) Under agenda item VIII, Mr Clinton E. Rapley reviewed BMF implementation both at regional [working document 3,"Review of Regional Progress in the Implementation of Targets and Strategies of the Biwako Millennium Framework for Action towards Inclusive, Barrier-free and Rights-based Society for Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific (BMF)"] and national levels [working document 2, "National Review of Progress in the Implementation of Targets and Strategies of the Biwako Milllennium Framework for Action towards Inclusive, Barrier-free and Rights-based Society for Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific (BMF)"]. The review of regional action in support of BMF implementation was based on replies received from members of the Thematic Working Group on Disability-related Concerns[2], which includes Governments as well as NGOs. Governments and NGOs rated highly – very satisfactorily-, UNESCAP’s overall performance in support of the second Asian and Pacific Decade of Disabled Persons (2003-2012) and the implementation of the BMF. In terms of priorities for further action in support of BMF, Governments attached high priority to disability statistics, and community-based approaches(CBR), while NGOs identified support for development of self-help organizations, early intervention and poverty alleviation as top priorities. The review of national action was based on replies submitted by Governments of UNESCAP region, National Human Rights Institutions and NGOs. The replies indicated strong support of BMF goals and priorities. The majority of Governments reported the adoption or formulation of a national plan on BMF implementation, establishment of a national coordinating committee, and involvement in the process of elaborating the new international convention on rights of persons with disabilities. Implementation rates were high for targets with a 2004-2005 time frame. Questionnaire replies indicated that capacity building for both disability statistics and indications in BMF implementation were important needs. Continued progress in BMF will require appropriate resources on a predictable and sustained basis, progress in the negotiation and early adoption of the new international convention, and capacity building with special attention directed to self-evaluation. "Country paper presentations" were made by experts from the following 15 countries: Afghanistan; Bangladesh; Bhutan; China; India; Indonesia; Maldives; Mongolia; Nepal; Pakistan; Republic of Korea; Singapore; Sri Lanka; Timor Leste and Viet Nam. Most of the experts reported on actions Governments had taken in responses to the targets and strategies of the BMF, and a national coordination committee or a focal point on disability, which they had established to oversee and coordinate the BMF implementation. A majority of the Governments has either a national policy, plan of actions or disability-specific laws (e.g. Nepal’s log frame-based action plan). Lack of physical accessibility was a challenge commonly addressed by many reports. The presentations indicated that many Governments had already developed their own indicators to measure situations of persons with disabilities and to monitor their disability policies, laws and plans. While some experts showed a series of data on output-based indicators (e.g. India on numbers of trained disability professionals per year), others (e.g. Singapore) expressed a need to establish outcome-based indicators. DAY 2 Institutional mechanisms for monitoring the implementation of the BMF, capacity building and technical cooperation Under agenda item IX, experts from Cambodia, Fiji, Indonesia and the Philippines made presentations on each of their national coordination committees on disability. The presentations showed that all of the national coordination committees had functions of identifying and coordinating service provision, policy formulation and monitoring on multisectoral basis. Also, all the mechanisms were composed of both government officials and representatives of disabled people’s organizations (DPOs). Fiji National Council for Disabled Persons (FNCDP) was taking an active role in legal advocacy and in recent ratification of the International Labour Organization (ILO) 159 Convention. Sustainable financing of the tasks undertaken by the committees was noted as a shared challenge. A representative of UNESCAP Secretariat made a presentation, "Capacity building and technical cooperation: Disability impact assessment and disability budgeting." She pointed out that indicators should be utilized not only at the national, governmental level but also at the development project level. She stated that "disability inclusive" policies were now developed or implemented by many bilateral aid agencies, multilateral agencies and international NGOs [e.g. British Department for International Development (DFID), United States Agency for International Development (USAID), Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), Save the Children, World Bank]. She introduced various disability integration strategies including disability budgeting, Rapid Rural Appraisal, project cycle management and assessment tools. She invited a Philippines expert’s explanation on their good practice, which mandates all levels of government to allocate 1 per cent of their budgets for disability causes. She clarified differences between output-based indicators and outcome-based indicators. Both were important as far as they were effective to the BMF implementation. She concluded her presentation by reaffirming a need to integrate an easy-to-use checklist type of disability assessment tools in development projects. Mr Clinton Rapley facilitated a short roundtable discussion with three experts from Bangladesh, India and Japan on their experiences on capacity building, international and technical cooperation projects. Both Bangladesh and India has sensitization programmes of professionals (e.g. government officials and community development workers), micro credit schemes, quota for employment of persons with disabilities. An expert from India stated that they had sent many rehabilitation professionals overseas as a part of their efforts on technical cooperation. An expert from the Government of Japan explained that the Charter of the Japanese Overseas Development Assistance (ODA) included support for disadvantaged groups, including persons with disabilities. She stated that JICA was currently expanding its projects to be more "disability inclusive" and supportive of full participation of persons with disabilities. The floor expressed the need for assistance to development sign language and its interpreters in many countries in the region, and a need for sharing English-written manuals on training and good practices. Matters concerning formulation of a rights-based comprehensive policy on disability. Under agenda item X, a representative from UNESCAP Secretariat facilitated a short roundtable discussion on "Matters concerning formulation of a rights-based comprehensive policy on disability." Experts from China, Hong Kong, China, and Japan outlined their respective "rights-based" laws or plans of action on disability, and described indicators used to implement them. All stated that they had quantifiable indicators (e.g. employment quota, numerical targets on accessible buses, number of complaints received by the equal opportunity commission) to measure progress or regress of each law and policy. They also have systems to annually report data concerning each indicator. The floor pointed out that appropriate budgeting for implementing the plans and laws were essential. The facilitator stated that budget allocation for implementation of policies and laws could be used as an effective indicator. Orientation of the Working Group Discussions (UNESCAP) Under agenda item XI, a representative from UNECAP Secretariat clarified issues to be dealt with in the Working Group discussions. The three Working Groups were as follows:
It was also confirmed that Working Group 1) was expected to develop a set of core indicators and ideas on a joint statement. Working Groups 2) and 3) were expected to develop ideas on the joint statement. B. Report on Working Group DiscussionsWorking Group DiscussionsUnder agenda item XII, the participants were divided into the three Working Groups mentioned above. Each group elected a facilitator and a rapporteur and produced a report. Presentation of the Working Group reports and Drafting of the Recommendations of the Workshop Under agenda item XIII, at the end of 14 October 2004, two Working Groups 2) and 3) made progress reports at the plenary session. Under agenda item XIV, on the morning of 15 October 2004, a "Drafting Committee" met and synthesized Working Group discussions and reports, and drafted a "Joint Statement on Full Realization of Goals of the Biwako Millennium Framework for Action towards an Inclusive, Barrier-free and Rights-based Society for Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific (BMF)" to submit to the plenary session of the Workshop. On the afternoon of 15 October 2004, three Working Groups came back to the plenary session and each made a final presentation. Working Group 1) presented a set of core indicators, "Identification of Indicators for Monitoring the Biwako Millennium Framework for Action towards an Inclusive, Barrier-free and Rights-based Society for Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific (BMF)," and Working Groups 2) and 3) made a final report. The Workshop participants thoroughly reviewed "Identification of Indicators for Monitoring the Biwako Millennium Framework for Action towards an Inclusive, Barrier-free and Rights-based Society for Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific (BMF)." Comments and oral amendments on the text were appropriately reflected in its revised version, which was prepared by the Workshop Secretariat and circulated to participants after the Workshop as "Proposed Core Indicators for Monitoring the Biwako Millennium Framework for Action towards an Inclusive, Barrier-free and Rights-based Society for Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific (BMF)." Drafting Committee The "Drafting Committee" was established by the Workshop, which composed of officers of the Workshop, volunteer individuals and the UNESCAP Secretariat. Adoption of the Joint Statement on Full Realization of Goals of the Biwako Millennium Framework for Action towards an Inclusive, Barrier-free and Rights-based Society for Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific (BMF) Under agenda item XV, the Workshop participants had an in-depth review and discussion on a draft "Joint Statement on Full Realization of Goals of the Biwako Millennium Framework for Action towards an Inclusive, Barrier-free and Rights-based Society for Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific (BMF)," compiled by the Drafting committee. Comments and oral amendments to the draft were appropriately reflected in a final text, which was unanimously adopted by the plenary session. Closing of the Workshop Under agenda item XVI, Ms Thelma Kay, Chief, Emerging Social Issues Division (ESID) of UNESCAP made a brief closing statement to thank the Workshop participants, resource persons, facilitators and rapporteurs for their hard work and contributions to Workshop proceedings. III. ORGANIZATION OF THE WORKSHOPA. BackgroundGovernments in the region proclaimed the extension of the Asian and Pacific Decade of Disabled Persons, 1993-2002, for another decade, 2003-2012 through Commission resolution 58/4 of May 2002. As policy guidelines for the renewed decade, Governments adopted the Biwako Millennium Framework for Action towards an Inclusive, Barrier-free and Rights-based Society for Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific (BMF) at the High-level Intergovernmental Meeting to Conclude the Asian and Pacific Decade of Disabled Persons, Otsu, Shiga, October 2002. Commission resolution 59/3 of 4 September 2003 took note of the BMF and requested all UNESCAP members and associate members to support its implementation. The BMF promotes the paradigm shift from a charity-based approach to a rights-based and development approach to disability, and it identifies seven priority areas and four major strategies.[3] It supports the elaboration of an international convention on the rights of persons with disabilities. Under the BMF, Governments in the region are encouraged to adopt by 2004, a five-year comprehensive national plan of action that includes policies and programmes for integrating persons with disabilities into mainstream national development plans (Para 52 of the BMF). UNESCAP is mandated to convene biennial meetings to review achievements and to identify action that may be required to implement the BMF. Regional meetings should focus one or two of the 7 targets at a time. (Para 60 of the BMF). The BMF also states that the mid-point review of the BMF should be conducted (Para 63 of the BMF), and it encourages Governments in the region to establish statistical and policy-oriented indicators with the aim to assess situations of persons with disabilities in order to plan and implement relevant policies. Since the inception of the Second Decade, UNESCAP has been enhancing the understanding of Governments and NGOs on the BMF through more than ten meetings, organized in 2003 and 2004. And in early 2004, UNESCAP circulated the" Questionnaire on the Implementation of the Biwako Millennium Framework for Action towards an Inclusive, Barrier-free and Rights-based Society for Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific (BMF)," both to Governments and the non-governmental organizations (NGO) with an aim to assess baseline data on the commitment and policy formulation in the BMF priority and strategy areas. Another questionnaire was circulated by UNESCAP to Governments and NGOs who are members of the Thematic Working Group on Disability on Disability-related Concerns (TWG-DC). This questionnaire was about UNESCAP effectiveness in implementing theBMF targets and strategies and promoting the Second Asian and the Pacific Decade of Disabled Persons (2003-2012). The objectives of this particular Workshop was to build Government capacity vis-à-vis models and tools to assess and monitor progress on the BMF priority/strategy areas, and develop effective national policies on disability. It also aimed at training and motivating both Governments and NGOs to incorporate goals and targets of the BMF into their policies, programmes and projects. The expected outcomes of the Workshop were 1) a set of core indicators for effective policy formulation and monitoring of BMF implementation, and 2) a policy oriented joint statement, which shows commitment to the BMF implementation. B. AttendanceThe Workshop was attended by 102 experts from 25 countries of the UNESCAP region, including resource persons, representatives from three UN agencies, two Human Rights Institutions, NGOs and other entities. (See Annex II for the list of participants). C. Opening of the workshopMr. Kim Hak-Su, Executive Secretary of UNESCAP inaugurated the Workshop and delivered the opening statement. In the statement; he expressed gratitude to all the participants for their extensive knowledge and experiences in disability matters. He then provided the background to the BMF, which mandated the regional biennial review of its implementation, and encouraged effective policy formulation and implementation, which are derived from solid indicators on disability. He stressed the importance of the Workshop in facilitating the process. Mr Kim Hak-Su concluded his opening statement by extending his deep appreciation to resource persons, and encouraged all stakeholders to continue their efforts to realize an inclusive, barrier-free and rights-based society. D. Adoption of the agenda of the Workshop The Workshop adopted the following agenda:
E. Adoption of the "Joint Statement on Full Realization of Goals of the Biwako Millennium Framework for Action towards an Inclusive, Barrier-free and Rights-based Society for Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific (BMF)." Workshop participants reviewed, discussed and adopted, in the final plenary, the "Joint Statement on Full Realization of Goals of the Biwako Millennium Framework for Action towards an Inclusive, Barrier-free and Rights-based Society for Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific (BMF)." F. Closing of the Workshop The Workshop was officially closed in the afternoon of 15 October 2004. ANNEXESAnnex I: Proposed Core Indicators for Monitoring the Biwako Millennium Framework for Action towards an Inclusive, Barrier-free and Rights-based Society for Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific (BMF)[4]Introduction The outline of proposed BMF indicators is in two parts: indicators on preconditions [5]for BMF implementation, and indicators to monitor progress in implementing BMF targets and strategies. Each indicator would compare progress with regard to all 53 ESCAP members and nine associate members for the respective variable to the extent that relevant data are available. A. Preconditions for BMF implementation[6] 1. Policy issues cluster. Yes/ no question on signature, ratification or accession to the international convention on the rights of persons with disabilities – when adopted by UN General Assembly. Yes/ no question on governmental support of regional action in the field of disability as reflected in their signature of the "Proclamation on the Full Participation and Equality of People with Disabilities in the Asian and Pacific Region"[7] Yes/no question to indicate whether the national constitution makes
specific reference to rights of persons with disabilities Yes/ no question on existence of an appropriate national policy – or a disability-inclusive commitment in mainstream policy - concerning the full participation and equality of persons with disabilities. Yes/ no question on national legislation which ensures rights of persons with disability in both the social, economic and cultural realms, and the civil and political realms. Yes/ no question on national plan of action on implementation of BMF has been formulated and adopted by Government. 2. Institutional issues cluster. Yes/no question would focus on the existence of a national committee on disability or similar coordination mechanism. Yes/ no question on national cross-disability consultative committee or similar mechanism. 3. Resource issues cluster. Yes/ no question on availability of disability statistics, disaggregated by age, sex and urban and rural. B. Indicators to monitor progress in implementing BMF targets and strategies Progress indicators would be both qualitative and quantitative depending on the respective variable. (a) Self-help organizations (SHOs) of persons with disabilities. Target 1. By 2004, Governments, international funding agencies and NGOs should establish policies with requisite resource allocations to support development of self-help organizations of persons with disabilities. The basic indicator would be "Yes / No" policies and procedures are in place to support establishment and development of SHOs, the year this was achieved and target achievement in terms of UNESCAP region attainment. Sub- indicators will be presented with reference to per cent achievement by end-2004 and by actual effective date.
Target 2. By 2005, Governments and civil society organizations fully include self-help organizations in decision-making processes involving planning and programme implementation, which directly affect their lives. The basic indicator would be "Yes / No" mechanisms and procedures are in place to support participation by persons with disabilities, including civil society organizations and SHOs, in decision making on plans and programmes, the year this was achieved and target achievement in terms of ESCAP region attainment. Sub- indicators will be presented with reference to per cent achievement by end-2005 and by actual effective date.
(b) Women with disabilities. Target 3. By 2005, Governments, which have not already done so, are urged to ensure anti-discrimination measures, where appropriate, which safeguard the rights of women with disabilities. The basic indicator would be "Yes / No" anti-discrimination measures exist to promote and protect the right of women with disabilities, the year this was achieved – or when existing anti-discrimination law was amended to address the case of women with disabilities and target achievement in terms of ESCAP region attainment. Sub-indicators will be presented with reference to percentage achievement by end-2005 and by actual effective date.
Target 4. By 2005, national self-help organizations adopt policies to promote full participation and equal representation of women with disabilities in their activities. Target 5. By 2005, women with disabilities should be included in the membership of mainstream national women’s organizations. The basic indicator for these complementary targets would be "Yes / No" NGOs/SHOs introduce policies and procedures to promote full and effective participation of women with disabilities in their activities, the year this was achieved and target achievement in terms of ESCAP region attainment. (c) Early detection, early intervention and education. Target 6. Children and youth with disabilities will be an integral part of the population targeted by Development goal 2 of the Millennium Declaration, which is to ensure that, by the year 2015, children everywhere, boys and girls alike, will be able to complete a full course of primary schooling. Target 7. By 2010, at least 75 per cent of children and youth with disabilities will be able to complete a full course of primary schooling. Both targets relate to Development goal 2 – Universal primary education - of the Millennium Declaration. Indicators of progress would correspond to those identified at the international level to facilitate international comparisons between the situation of children with disability and non-disabled children, although data disaggregated by disability may be limited. Indicators for monitoring progress on Development goal 2[9] – with data disaggregated by disability characteristic:
An additional key indicator – Yes/ no Government have adopted policies and legislation, issued guidelines and provide resources for inclusive education and teacher training – by year enacted. Target 8. By 2012, all infants and young children (birth to four years old) will have access to and receive community-based early intervention services, which ensure survival, with support and training for their families[10] Progress on target 8 is related to Development goal 4 – Reducing child mortality – of the Millennium Declaration. Indicators for progress on Development goal 411– with data disaggregated by disability characteristic12
Another factor that is important to child survival is access to clean water and basic sanitation, which is covered in Development goal 7 – Ensure environmental sustainability – of the Millennium Declaration. Development goal 7 includes a target (10) that aims to halve by 2015 the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation.[11]
Target 9. Governments are urged to ensure detection of disabilities at as early an age as possible. The basic indicator for target 9 would be "yes / no" early detection services exist and are available to all; if not to all areas, then an explanation of strategies to ensure that early detection services extend to all. Sub-indicators on targets 6 to 9 deal with both policy and institutional variables as well as selected outcomes. (d) Training and employment, including self-employment. Target 10. By 2012, at least 30 per cent of the signatories (member States) will ratify ILO Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment (Disabled Persons) Convention (No. 159) 1983. Progress on this target is achieved by monitoring the "International Labour Standards" (ILOLEX) <http://www.ilo.org/ilolex/> database of the International Labour Organization on ratification/accession to ILO C159 during the renewed Asian and Pacific Decade of Persons with Disabilities, 2003-2012. Target 11. By 2012, at least 30 per cent of all vocational training programmes in signatory countries [to ILO C159] will be inclusive of persons with disabilities and provide appropriate support and job placement or business development services for them. The basic indicator for target 11 would be "yes / no" vocational services exist, are inclusive and provide ancillary counseling and job placement or business development services, as appropriate. Sub-indicators on target 11 focus on policy and institutional variables as well as selected outcomes. Target 12. By 2010, reliable data on the employment and self-employment rates of persons with disabilities will exist in all countries. (e) Access to built environments and public transport. Accessibility in the built environment is covered in Draft Article 19 of the new international convention on the rights of persons with disabilities.14 Target 13. Governments, which have not already done so, are urged to adopt and enforce accessibility standards for planning of public facilities, infrastructure and transport, including those in rural and agricultural contexts. Target 14. As soon as practicable, existing land, water and air public transport systems (vehicle stops and terminals) should be made accessible; and all new and renovated public transport systems, including road, water, light and heavy mass railway and air transport systems should be made fully accessible for persons with disabilities. The basic indicator for targets 13 and 14 would be "yes / no"
Target 15. International and regional funding agencies for infrastructure development are urged to include universal and inclusive design concepts in their loan or grant decisions As noted in Working paper 1, action on this target will require a decision of the intergovernmental body for the respective fund or programme. Progress in obtaining grant aid or concessionary loans for environmental accessibility or retrofitting or both would be assessed from data provided in biennial questionnaire to concerned international and regional organizations. (f) Access to information and communications, including information, communication and assistive technologies. ICT accessibility is covered in Draft article 19 of the new international convention. Target 16. By 2005, persons with disabilities should have at least the same rate of access to the Internet and related services as do all other citizens in the [Asia and Pacific] region. Development goal 8 – Develop a global partnership for development – of the Millennium Declaration includes a target (18) on making available the benefits of new technologies, especially information and communications. Two of the three indicators associated with this target are relevant to monitoring progress in implement BMF target 1616- data disaggregated by disability characteristic:
Target 17. By 2004, concerned international organizations (such as the International Telecommunications Union, World Trade Organization, International Organization for Standards, Motion Picture Engineering Group [a working group of ISO], World Wide Web Consortium [non-governmental organization]) are urged to incorporate accessibility standards for persons with disabilities in their [respective] international ICT standards. There is no valid indicator for this target. Target 18. By 2005, Governments, which have not already done so, are urged to adopt ICT accessibility guidelines for persons with disabilities in their national ICT policies. Draft article (19) on accessibility (19) of the new international convention will provide a legally binding language on accessible ICT. The indicator for accessible ICT is provided in the Manila "Design Recommendations on Accessible ICT" <http://www.worldenable.net>. Target 19. Governments, which have not already done so, are urged to develop and coordinate a standardized sign language, finger Braille, tactile sign language in each country [of the Asia and Pacific region] and disseminate and teach the results widely.17 Target 20. Governments, which have not already done so, are urged to establish a system in each country [of the Asia and Pacific region] to train and dispatch sign language interpreters, Braille transcribers, finger Braille interpreters and readers, and to encourage their employment. Progress on these two targets will require full and effective involvement of organization users of these particular modes of communications or are concerned with the development of these modes of communications since they are best able to advise on criteria and standards for sign language, finger Braille, and tactile sign language. The role of Government is to provide an appropriate supporting environment in terms of appropriate legislation or enactment of administrative guidance that would guarantee the right of access and to use these modes of communications in civil and political life as well as in social, economic and cultural realms. Governments which are in a position to do so, would also support outreach and training of trainers in sign language interpretation, Braille transcription, finger Braille interpreters and related modes of communications. Draft article 13 - Freedom of Expression and Opinion, and Access to Information – of the new international convention on the rights of persons with disabilities includes provisions relevant to progress in implementing these targets:
No time line is indicated for achieving these targets so data on compliance, in terms of adoption of standard sign language and training of personnel would be obtained by means of biennial questionnaires. (g) Poverty alleviation through capacity building, social security and livelihood programmes. Target 21. Governments should halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of persons with disabilities whose income/consumption is less than one [United States] dollar a day. The principal indicator for progress in implementing BMF target 21 is the same as for Development goal 1 of the Millennium Declaration: Percentage of population living on less than US$1.00 (purchasing power parity - PPP) per day - disaggregated by disability characteristic. 19 Annex IV: Report of Working GroupsGroup 1IDENTIFICATION OF INDICATORS FOR MONITORING the Biwako Millennium Framework (BMF) Introduction The outline of proposed BMF indicators is in two parts: indicators on preconditions for BMF implementation, and indicators to monitor progress in implementing BMF targets and strategies. Each indicator would compare progress with regard to all 53 ESCAP members and nine associate members for the respective variable to the extent data are available. A. Preconditions for BMF implementation 3. Policy issues cluster. Yes/ no question on existence of an appropriate national policy – or a disability-inclusive commitment in mainstream policy - concerning the full participation and equality of persons with disabilities. Yes/no question to indicate whether the national constitution makes specific reference to rights of persons with disabilities or presented in terms of "equal protection" for all citizens. Yes/ no question on national legislation which ensure rights of persons with disability in both the social, economic and cultural realms, and the civil and political realms. Yes/ no question on governmental support of regional action in the field of disability as reflected in their signature of the "Proclamation on the Full Participation and Equality of People with Disabilities in the Asian and Pacific Region"20 Yes/ no question on signature, ratification or accession to the international convention on the rights of persons with disabilities – when adopted by UN General Assembly. Yes/ no question on national plan of action on implementation of BMF has been formulated and adopted by Government. 4. Institutional issues cluster. Yes/no question would focus on the existence of a national committee on disability or similar coordination mechanism. Yes/ no question on national cross-disability consultative committee or similar mechanism. 3. Resource issues cluster. Yes/ no question on availability of disability statistics, disaggregated by age, sex and urban and rural. B. Indicators to monitor progress in implementing BMF targets and strategies Progress indicators would be both qualitative and quantitative depending on the respective variable. (b) Self-help organizations (SHOs) of persons with disabilities. Target 1. By 2004, Governments, international funding agencies and NGOs should establish policies with requisite resource allocations to support development of self-help organizations of persons with disabilities. The basic indicator would be "Yes / No" policies and procedures are in place to support establishment and development of SHOs, the year this was achieved and target achievement in terms of ESCAP region attainment. Sub- indicators will be presented with reference to per cent achievement by end-2004 and by actual effective date.
Target 2. By 2005, Governments and civil society organizations fully include self-help organizations in decision-making processes involving planning and programme implementation, which directly affect their lives. The basic indicator would be "Yes / No" mechanisms and procedures are in place to support participation by persons with disabilities, including civil society organizations and SHOs, in decision making on plans and programmes, the year this was achieved and target achievement in terms of ESCAP region attainment. Sub- indicators will be presented with reference to per cent achievement by end-2005 and by actual effective date.
(b) Women with disabilities. Target 3. By 2005, Governments, which have not already done so, are urged to ensure anti-discrimination measures, where appropriate, which safeguard the rights of women with disabilities. The basic indicator would be "Yes / No" anti-discrimination measures exist to promote and protect the right of women with disabilities, the year this was achieved – or when existing anti-discrimination law was amended to address the case of women with disabilities and target achievement in terms of ESCAP region attainment. Sub-indicators will be presented with reference to per cent achievement by end-2005 and by actual effective date.
Target 4. By 2005, national self-help organizations adopt policies to promote full participation and equal representation of women with disabilities in their activities. Target 5. By 2005, women with disabilities should be included in the membership of mainstream national women’s organizations. The basic indicator for these complementary targets would be "Yes / No" NGOs/SHOs introduce policies and procedures to promote full and effective participation of women with disabilities in their activities, the year this was achieved and target achievement in terms of ESCAP region attainment. (c) Early detection, early intervention and education. Target 6. Children and youth with disabilities will be an integral part of the population targeted by Development goal 2 of the Millennium Declaration, which is to ensure that, by the year 2015, children everywhere, boys and girls alike, will be able to complete a full course of primary schooling. Target 7. By 2010, at least 75 per cent of children and youth with disabilities will be able to complete a full course of primary schooling. Both targets relate to Development goal 2 – Universal primary education - of the Millennium Declaration. Indicators of progress would correspond to those identified at the international level to facilitate international comparisons between the situation of children with disability and non-disabled children, although data disaggregated by disability may be limited. Indicators for monitoring progress on Development goal 2 21– with data disaggregated by disability characteristic:
An additional key indicator – Yes/ no Government have adopted policies and legislation, issued guidelines and provide resources for inclusive education and teacher training – by year enacted. Target 8. By 2012, all infants and young children (birth to four years old) will have access to and receive community-based early intervention services, which ensure survival, with support and training for their families. Progress on target 8 is related to Development goal 4 – Reducing child mortality – of the Millennium Declaration. Indicators for progress on Development goal 422– with data disaggregated by disability characteristic:
Another factor that is important to child survival is access to clean water and basic sanitation, which is covered in Development goal 7 – Ensure environmental sustainability – of the Millennium Declaration. Development goal 7 includes a target (10) that aims to halve by 2015 the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation. Safe water 23
Target 9. Governments are urged to ensure detection of disabilities at as early an age as possible. The basic indicator for target 9 would be "yes / no" early detection services exist and are available to all; if not to all areas, then an explanation of strategies to ensure that early detection services extend to all. Sub-indicators on targets 6 to 9 deal with both policy and institutional variables as well as selected outcomes. (d) Training and employment, including self-employment. Target 10. By 2012, at least 30 per cent of the signatories (member States) will ratify ILO Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment (Disabled Persons) Convention (No. 159) 1983. Progress on this target is achieved by monitoring the "International Labour Standards" (ILOLEX) <http://www.ilo.org/ilolex/> database of the International Labour Organization on ratification/accession to ILO C159 during the renewed Asian and Pacific Decade of Persons with Disabilities, 2003-2012. Target 11. By 2012, at least 30 per cent of all vocational training programmes in signatory countries [to ILO C159] will be inclusive of persons with disabilities and provide appropriate support and job placement or business development services for them. The basic indicator for target 11 would be "yes / no" vocational services exist, are inclusive and provide ancillary counseling and job placement or business development services, as appropriate. Sub-indicators on target 11 focus on policy and institutional variables as well as selected outcomes. Target 12. By 2010, reliable data on the employment and self-employment rates of persons with disabilities will exist in all countries. (e) Access to built environments and public transport. Accessibility in the built environment is covered in Draft Article 19 of the new international convention on the rights of persons with disabilities.24 Target 13. Governments, which have not already done so, are urged to adopt and enforce accessibility standards for planning of public facilities, infrastructure and transport, including those in rural and agricultural contexts. Target 14. As soon as practicable, existing land, water and air public transport systems (vehicle stops and terminals) should be made accessible; and all new and renovated public transport systems, including road, water, light and heavy mass railway and air transport systems should be made fully accessible for persons with disabilities. The basic indicator for targets 13 and 14 would be "yes / no" environmental accessibility standards or building codes or both have been adopted and procedures are in place, subject to available resources, for retrofitting public buildings, facilities and transportation systems for accessibility.
Target 15. International and regional funding agencies for infrastructure development are urged to include universal and inclusive design concepts in their loan or grant decisions As noted in Working paper 1, action on this target will require a decision of the intergovernmental body for the respective fund or programme. Progress in obtaining grant aid or concessionary loans for environmental accessibility or retrofitting or both would be assessed from data provided in biennial questionnaire to concerned international and regional organizations. (f) Access to information and communications, including information, communication and assistive technologies. ICT accessibility is covered in Draft article 19 of the new international convention. Target 16. By 2005, persons with disabilities should have at least the same rate of access to the Internet and related services as do all other citizens in the [Asia and Pacific] region. Development goal 8 – Develop a global partnership for development – of the Millennium Declaration includes a target (18) on making available the benefits of new technologies, especially information and communications. Two of the three indicators associated with this target are relevant to monitoring progress in implement BMF target 1625 - data disaggregated by disability characteristic:
Target 17. By 2004, concerned international organizations (such as the International Telecommunications Union, World Trade Organization, International Organization for Standards, Motion Picture Engineering Group [a working group of ISO], World Wide Web Consortium [non-governmental organization]) are urged to incorporate accessibility standards for persons with disabilities in their [respective] international ICT standards. There is no valid indicator for this target. Target 18. By 2005, Governments, which have not already done so, are urged to adopt ICT accessibility guidelines for persons with disabilities in their national ICT policies. Draft article (19) on accessibility (19) of the new international convention will provide a legally binding language on accessible ICT. The indicator for accessible ICT is provided in the Manila "Design Recommendations on Accessible ICT" <http://www.worldenable.net>. Target 19. Governments, which have not already done so, are urged to develop and coordinate a standardized sign language, finger Braille, tactile sign language in each country [of the Asia and Pacific region] and disseminate and teach the results widely. Target 20. Governments, which have not already done so, are urged to establish a system in each country [of the Asia and Pacific region] to train and dispatch sign language interpreters, Braille transcribers, finger Braille interpreters and readers, and to encourage their employment. Progress on these two targets will require full and effective involvement of organization users of these particular modes of communications or are concerned with the development of these modes of communications, since they are best able to advise on criteria and standards for sign language, finger Braille, and tactile sign language. The role of Government is to provide an appropriate supporting environment in terms of appropriate legislation or enactment of administrative guidance that would guarantee the right of access and to use these modes of communications in civil and political life as well as in social, economic and cultural realms. Governments which are in a position to do so, would also support outreach and training of trainers in sign language interpretation, Braille transcription, finger Braille interpreters and related modes of communications. Draft article 13 - Freedom of Expression and Opinion, and Access to Information – of the new international convention on the rights of persons with disabilities includes provisions relevant to progress in implementing these targets:
No time line is indicated for achieving these targets so data on compliance, in terms of adoption of standard sign language and training of personnel would be obtained by means of biennial questionnaires. (g) Poverty alleviation through capacity building, social security and livelihood programmes. Target 21. Governments should halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of persons with disabilities whose income/consumption is less than one [United States] dollar a day. The principal indicator for progress in implementing BMF target 21 is the same as for Development goal 1 of the Millennium Declaration: Percentage of population living on less than US$1.00 (purchasing power parity - PPP) per day - disaggregated by disability characteristic. BMF Workshop / Working Group 1 14.10.2004 Group 2Group 2: Monitoring mechanisms for the implementation of the BMF, capacity building and technical cooperation The group covered 3 issues; namely, (i) national institutional mechanism for monitoring; (ii) capacity building; and (iii) technical cooperation. 1. National coordination committee (NCC) such as NCC in the Philippines, Viet Nam, Bangladesh, Indonesia, etc. is a very effective national institutional mechanism for the implementation of the BMF. NCC could be a key national institutional mechanism for the monitoring in countries of the ESCAP region. 2. The NCCs can be in diversified in its form. Normally NCCs are composed of various line ministries, NGOs and representatives of PWDs. In some countries (e.g. Philippines) the NCC is funded by the Government, with full-time paid staff, but in many other cases (like Viet Nam, Indonesia, etc.), though the NCC is under the Ministry of Social Development and Labour (or an equivalent Ministry), the NCC’s funding depends on various external resources (e.g. foreign funding, INGO’s contributions, subsidy from the Government, etc.) and the base is not sustainable. 3. The equally important to the NCC is a National Forum of NGOs (existing in some countries, such as Bangladesh), which is very active in provision of social services for PWD, monitoring of the progress and even policy formulation (e.g. Bangladesh NGOs). An interesting case of outsourcing the task of project monitoring and evaluation to a qualified NGO was reported from a country, too. Such a national forum of NGOs may share the responsibility for monitoring the progress of the BMF at the national level. 4. Some NCCs in the region have its own policy and mandate about monitoring the implementation of the BMF. 5. As a structure, a NCC may have, under its executive committee (or the national board), provincial and/or local committees plus sub-committees on specific technical issue (such as subcommittees on education, employment, accessibility, etc). Many of those technical subcommittees shall provide information and technical feedback to the executive wing of the NCC. 6. Most of NCCs have some representation of PWD (cross disability representation) --- but in some countries, more so, and in other countries, less. The representation of PWD was considered to be the pre-requisite. 7. Constraints of NCC include, among others (i) the lack of adequate and sustainable funding base and (ii) confusion about the role and responsibility among different ministries and agencies. Who (which agency) is going to be responsible for what?. Also in some countries, the NCC meets only once a year (often, the National NGO Forum is empowered and taking a lead in such a case) and not so much progress has been made in terms of monitoring. 8. Some countries like the Philippines have a system of "disability budgeting" with a clear mandate of a certain percentage of the budget allocation for disability- related activities (.e.g allocation of 1% of the total public budget for implementation of the BMF in the Philippines). 9. Disability budgeting (good practice of technical cooperation) --- A World Bank project in Viet Nam has 10% of the total budget allocated for education, and other social services for disadvantaged children including the disabled and the NCC is responsible to monitor the fair share of the budget for disabled children (stakeholders) 10. To promote the process of monitoring of the BMF and disability-related activities in "mainstream development projects and activities" at the grass-roots level, the NCC in Viet Nam involves generic local organizations of popular participation (civil society) such as the Farmers’ Association and women’s association to monitor the activities. This may be considered to be a supplementary monitoring mechanism, in more "disability inclusive" manner. 11. In order to promote the effective national monitoring mechanism and disability mainstreaming, an idea of "utilizing the existing national monitoring mechanisms in various ministries" was suggested. Each ministry’s national institution can monitor the progress of the BMF on a specific sectoral issue of their competence, such as accessible building and infrastructure development (to be monitored by the existing monitoring mechanism in the ministry of public work), health, employment, etc. The national institutional mechanism itself may require the paradigm shift towards "disability inclusive monitoring" approach. The Viet Nam’s case of involving the Farmers’ Association at the grass roots levels is an excellent idea. The NCC’s role of sensitizing of public personnel is important in this regard. 12. The capacity building efforts (technical cooperation projects, etc.) should be broad including financial support, training of staff, specific training on project management cycle (including project design, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation), upgrading of management skills, lobbying, policy influencing, fund-raising, etc. Such efforts (technical cooperation projects) should be directed towards sustainability and capacity building of local organizations in a given country. 13. Self-help groups at the grass-roots require "capacity building" on organizational management, administration, etc. 14. Donor agencies should avoid, as an initial step, "dis-empowering projects", which may lead to dependency syndrome. Concerning disability specific projects, donor agencies should think about balancing between projects on provision of social services and their efforts to build up local capacity (e.g. financial and technical support to local NCC, DPOs, NGOs, etc.). 15. Development of an effective and usable tool for "disability sensitivity" and "disability mainstreaming" (into generic development projects) --- such as checklist, manual, etc.) --- may be an option. Also, sensitizing ODA staff through in-house training may be effective to achieve a tangible outcome quickly. Group 3Report of discussions from a Working Group 3, "Development of a rights-based comprehensive national policy (5 year national plan)" The Working Group shared and examined examples of existing national policies, plans of action and legislations on disability (e.g. Pakistan, Bhutan, Nepal, Japan, Indonesia) and agreed that a comprehensive policy (plan) should be a good mission statement with practical strategies, together with effective legislations and regulations. The Working Group is of the view that these policies and plans, legislations and strategies should be aspirational to the maximum extent possible, yet at the same time, practical aspects have to be considered in order to ensure implementation at the grassroots level. They should contain effective indicators for monitoring and lead to their (re) formulation. The Working Group discussed the essential components of the national plan of action (policy), and agreed on the following: 1. A plan of action should include the BMF seven priority areas, and other areas should be added, relevant to the context of each country; 2. Participation of persons with disabilities in all possible policy-making, implementation and monitoring processes should be ensured in the plan. The Plan should encourage that representation of persons with disabilities at central, local and municipal legislative bodies are mandated (The Working Group agreed that such representations in our region is absolutely insufficient now, and learnt from an example of a quota system in Uganda); 3. The plan should state that all development and plans, policies, and laws should be "disability inclusive" in addition to policies and laws that are disability-specific; 4. Equal representation of women with disabilities in all strategies and programmes should be ensured, and special attention should be paid to other neglected groups (persons with severe, multiple and psychiatric disabilities); 5. Human resource development in related fields (e.g. rehabilitation, education professionals) should be clearly developed; 6. The plan should state that all legal framework (e.g. Constitution, laws, regulations, code of practice, local ordinance) and policies should be reviewed and urged that discriminatory ones should be nullified or amended; 7. The plan should ensure appropriate legislations for the protection and promotion of human rights of persons with disabilities with effective mechanism for the grievance redress; 8. Conduct public awareness campaigns on inclusive, barrier-free and rights-bases society; 9. The Group felt that appropriate budget should be ensured. Thus, the Group strongly thought that ensuring appropriate budget allocation on multi-sectoral basis should be included in the plan; 10. Compliance with regional and international norms (e.g. the BMF, Standard Rules) should be clearly mentioned. [1] http://www.un.org/esa/socdev/enable/disiddp.htm [2] TWG-DC was established during the Asian and Pacific Decade of Disabled Persons (1993-2002), and its activities have continued with the renewed Asian and Pacific Decade of Disabled Persons (2003-2012). The aims of TWG-DC include promotion of multi sectoral collaborative action to reinforce disability concerns in mainstream development strategies, policies and programmes, and to strengthen inter-organizational collaboration and operational linkages and promote participation of persons with disabilities as development agents and beneficiaries. [3] The seven priority areas are (1) self-help organizations of persons with disabilities and related family and parental associations, (2) women with disabilities, (3) early detection, early intervention and education, (4) training and employment, including self-employment, (5) access to built environments and public transport, (6) access to information and communications, including information and communications and assistive technologies, and (7) poverty alleviation through capacity-building, social security and sustainable livelihood programmes. Four strategic areas are 1) national Plan of action on disability; 2) promotion of rights-based approach to disability issues; 3) disability statistics/common definition of disabilities for planning; 4) community-based approach. [4] Changes and comments made by the Workshop participants at the plenary session were reflected with strike thorough lines for deletion and italicized footnotes for addition or explanation. [5] A question was raised on this word. Some participants suggested replacing this word with "parameters." [6] The Workshop participants agreed that order of indicators here would be changed in accordance with a level of policy. [7] <http://www.unescap.org/esid/psis/disability/decade/about.asp#proc>. [8] A suggestion was made that any constitution stipulated "equal protection for all citizens" by default. Thus, the Workshop participants agreed on deleting this part. [9]Indicators for Monitoring the Millennium Development Goals; definitions, rationale, concepts and sources, United Nations publication, Sales No.: E.03.XVII.18, p. 3. See also "Implementation of the United Nations Millennium Declaration; report of the Secretary-General," (A/59/282), Statistical annex. [10] A suggestion was made that early intervention services should be made available with full participation of persons with disabilities and their family members in treatment, diagnosis and decision-making. 11 Indicators for Monitoring …, op. cit. 12 A suggestion was made that indicators to measure early interventions and rehabilitation services were to be developed. [11] "Implementation of …," op. cit 14 < http://www.un.org/esa/socdev/enable/rights/ahcwgreporta19.htm>. 15 A question was raised on this phrase on its semantic clarity, and the Workshop participants agreed to replace it with another word, "physical." 16 Indicators for Monitoring …, op. cit. 17 A suggestion was made that the basic indicator for target 19 would be a "yes / no" question on whether sign language is recognized as a national language. 18 <http://www.un.org/esa/socdev/enable/rights/ahcwgreporta13.htm>. 19 A suggestion was made that there should be another indicator under this category; a "yes / no" question on whether poverty alleviation policies, programmes, and projects are "disability-inclusive." 20 http://www.unescap.org/esid/psis/disability/decade/about.asp#proc>. 21 Indicators for Monitoring the Millennium Development Goals; definitions, rationale, concepts and sources, United Nations publication, Sales No.: E.03.XVII.18, p. 3. See also "Implementation of the United Nations Millennium Declaration; report of the Secretary-General," (A/59/282), Statistical annex. 22 Indicators for Monitoring …, op. cit 23 Implementation of …," op. cit. 24 < http://www.un.org/esa/socdev/enable/rights/ahcwgreporta19.htm>. 25 Indicators for Monitoring …, op. cit 26 <http://www.un.org/esa/socdev/enable/rights/ahcwgreporta13.htm>. |
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